Bastian is a German short form of Sebastian. Notable people with the surname include:

• Adolf Bastian (1826–1905), 19th-century anthropologist
• Ali Bastian (born 1982), English television actress
• Amy Bastian (born 1968), American neuroscientist
• Anura Bastian (born 1950), Sri Lankan politician
• Bob Bastian (1938–2019), American farmer and politician
• Bruce Bastian (born 1948), American computer programmer and businessman
• Charlie Bastian (1860–1932), American baseball player
• Donald N. Bastian, Canadian bishop
• Ed Bastian (born 1957), American business executive
• Frank O. Bastian, American medical doctor and neuropathologist
• Fritz Bastian (1898–1944), American tennis player
• Gert Bastian (1923–1992), German military officer and politician
• Gordon Bastian (1902–1987), British sailor
• Henry Charlton Bastian (1837–1915), English zoologist, physiologist and neurologist
• Hilda Bastian (fl. 1980s–1990s), Australian researcher
• Jolly Bastian, Indian stunt master
• Lan Bastian (born 1985), Indonesian footballer
• Mary Bastian (1948–1985), Tamil Human Rights activist
• Michael Bastian (born 1965), American fashion designer
• Nathan Bastian (born 1997), Canadian ice hockey player
• Nico Bastian (born 1990), German racing driver
• Noah Bastian (born 1979), American actor
• Peter Bastian (1943–2017), Danish musician
• Stan Bastian (born 1941), American educator and politician
• Stanley Bastian (born 1958), American judge
• Wally Bastiansz (died 1985), Sri Lankan baila musician
• Walter M. Bastian (1891–1975), American judge
• Warwick Bastian (1914-1979), Australian Anglican bishop

Bastian is also a male given name:

• Bastián Arce (born 1989), Chilean footballer
• Bastian Badu (born 2000), French footballer
• Bastian Baker (born 1991), Swiss singer and songwriter
• Bastian Clevé (born 1950), German filmmaker and producer
• Bastian Dankert (born 1980), German football referee
• Bastian Doreth (born 1989), German basketball player
• Kai-Bastian Evers (born 1990), German footballer
• Bastian Heidenfelder (born 1986), German footballer
• Bastian Henning (born 1983), German footballer
• Bastian Hohmann (born 1990), German footballer
• Didrik Bastian Juell (born 1990), Norwegian freestyle skier
• Bastian Kaltenböck (born 1983), Austrian ski jumper
• Bastian Kersaudy (born 1994), French badminton player
• Bastian Knittel (born 1983), German tennis player
• Bastian Kolmsee (born 1981), German racing driver
• Bastian Kurz (born 1996), German footballer
• Bastián Lizama (born 1996), Chilean badminton player
• Bastian Müller (born 1991), German footballer
• Bastian Obermayer (born 1977), German investigative journalist
• Bastian Oczipka (born 1989), German footballer
• Julius Bastian Olsen (1875–1936), Norwegian politician
• Bastian Pagez (fl. 1566), servant of Mary, Queen of Scots
• Bastian Pastewka (born 1972), German comedian
• Bastian Pinske (born 1978), German footballer
• Bastian Reinhardt (born 1975), German footballer
• Lars Bastian Ridder Stabell (1798–1860), Norwegian politician
• Bastian Roscheck (born 1991), German handball player
• Bastián San Juan (born 1994), Chilean footballer
• Bastian Schulz (born 1985), German footballer
• Bastian Schweinsteiger (born 1984), German soccer player
• Bastian Seibt (born 1978), German rower
• Bastian Seidel (born 1975), Australian politician and medical doctor
• Bastian Semm (born 1979), German actor
• Bastian Sick (born 1965), German journalist and author
• Bastián Solano Molina (born 1999), Chilean footballer
• Bastian Steger (born 1981), German table tennis player
• Bastian Swillims (born 1982), German sprinter
• Bastian Trinker (born 1990), Austrian tennis player
• Bastian Trost (born 1974), German actor
• Bastian Vasquez (1990–2015), Norwegian terrorist
• Bastian Winkelhaus, German card game player
• Bastián Yañez (born 2001), Chilean footballer